Solanum nigrum
A common herb or short-lived perennial shrub, found in many wooded areas and disturbed habitats. It reaches a height of 30 to 120 cm (12 to 47 in), with leaves typically 4.0 to 7.5 cm (1.6 to 3.0 in) long and 2 to 5 cm (1 to 2 in) wide. The leaves are ovate to heart-shaped with wavy or large-toothed edges and can be hairy or hairless. The flowers have greenish to whitish petals that recurve when aged and surround prominent bright yellow anthers. The berries are mostly 6 to 8 mm in diameter and dull black or purple-black when ripe.
Details
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Contains solanine and other steroidal glycoalkaloids. The plant also contains polyphenols, polysaccharides, and various bioactive compounds such as uttroside B.
The ripe berries and cooked leaves of edible strains are used as food in various cultures. The plant has a long history of medicinal usage, including as a traditional European medicine for conditions like canker, dropsy, and fever. It is also used topically to treat herpes zoster. In traditional Indian medicine, it is used for dysentery, stomach complaints, fever, and as a tonic. It has been studied for its antitumorigenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, diuretic, and antipyretic properties. Some experiments indicate it inhibits the growth of cervical carcinoma in mice.
Summer
Spring to Early Summer
30-120 cm (12-47 in)
Greenish to whitish
Wooded areas, disturbed habitats, and a variety of soil types. It prefers a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5 and does well in organic matter-rich soils.
Info
Pannon Flora Ltd. was founded on December 13, 1999, by Gábor Janik, who retains 95% ownership. Janik holds an MSc in Horticulture from the University of Horticultural Sciences (1986) and an Advanced Professional English Certification from the College of International Trade (1990). The company specializes in bird feed production and export, primarily serving markets in Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, and the UK, alongside cultivating and distributing imported/exported horticultural seeds. It maintains exclusive partnerships with JOEUN Seed (South Korea) and Takii Europe (Japan), a leader in professional seed breeding and production. Pannon Flora collaborates with certification bodies such as NÉBIH (National Food Chain Safety Office), MERT Kontroll, and SGS Hungary to ensure compliance and quality. The company works with approximately 400 Hungarian growers, ranging from small-scale producers (under 5 hectares) to mid-sized farms and large-scale agricultural enterprises. This profile emphasizes agribusiness expertise, technical partnerships, and operational scalability tailored to international client needs.
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