Ilex aquifolium Linnaeus
Ilex aquifolium
Ilex aquifolium, commonly known as Holly or English Holly, is an evergreen tree or shrub native to western and southern Europe, northwest Africa, and southwest Asia. It is known for its glossy green prickly leaves and bright red berries, which are produced only by female plants. The plant can grow up to 10-25 meters tall with a woody stem and is often found in shady areas of forests, particularly oak and beech hedges. It is a pioneer species that repopulates forest margins or clearcuts and can live up to 500 years, although it typically does not reach this age due to cutting or fire. Holly is dioecious, meaning there are male and female plants.
Details
Aquifoliales
Aquifoliaceae
Ilex
Holly berries contain alkaloids, theobromine, saponins, caffeic acid, and a yellow pigment called ilixanthin. The berries are generally toxic to humans due to their alkaloid content.
Holly has been used as winter fodder for cattle and sheep, particularly less spiny varieties. It was also traditionally used in the construction of Great Highland bagpipes before denser tropical woods became popular. The plant provides important food for winter birds and serves as a habitat for various animals in its native regions.
Spring
10-25 meters
White
Holly thrives in moist, shady environments found within forests or on shady slopes, cliffs, and mountain gorges. It is commonly found in deciduous forests and oak forests.
Info
Pannon Flora Ltd. was founded on December 13, 1999, by Gábor Janik, who retains 95% ownership. Janik holds an MSc in Horticulture from the University of Horticultural Sciences (1986) and an Advanced Professional English Certification from the College of International Trade (1990). The company specializes in bird feed production and export, primarily serving markets in Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, and the UK, alongside cultivating and distributing imported/exported horticultural seeds. It maintains exclusive partnerships with JOEUN Seed (South Korea) and Takii Europe (Japan), a leader in professional seed breeding and production. Pannon Flora collaborates with certification bodies such as NÉBIH (National Food Chain Safety Office), MERT Kontroll, and SGS Hungary to ensure compliance and quality. The company works with approximately 400 Hungarian growers, ranging from small-scale producers (under 5 hectares) to mid-sized farms and large-scale agricultural enterprises. This profile emphasizes agribusiness expertise, technical partnerships, and operational scalability tailored to international client needs.
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